Fig. 11. Numerical modelling of a flight saccadic in Drosophila. (A–D) Time courses of turning rate in response to torque without counter-torque (A,C) and with counter-torque (B,D). Data are plotted at low (red line, 0.52 pNm s) and high (grey line, 54 pNm s) damping coefficient. The torque profile in D was averaged from Fig. 3C in Fry et al. (Fry et al., 2003), reported for a freely flying fruit fly. Turning rate was calculated from Eqn 4 and moment of inertia was 0.52 pNm s².