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Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 203, Issue 12 1783-1795, Copyright © 2000 by Company of Biologists

JOURNAL ARTICLES

The macrophage in acute neural injury: changes in cell numbers over time and levels of cytokine production in mammalian central and peripheral nervous systems

A Leskovar, LJ Moriarty, JJ Turek, IA Schoenlein and RB Borgens
Center for Paralysis Research and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. rbb@vet.purdue.edu.

We evaluated the timing and density of ED-1-positive macrophage accumulation (ED 1 is the primary antibody for the macrophage) and measured cytokine production by macrophages in standardized compression injuries to the spinal cord and sciatic nerves of individual rats 3, 5, 10 and 21 days post-injury. The actual site of mechanical damage to the nervous tissue, and a more distant site where Wallerian degeneration had occurred, were evaluated in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) at these time points. The initial accumulation of activated macrophages was similar at both the central and peripheral sites of damage. Subsequently, macrophage densities at all locations studied were statistically significantly higher in the spinal cord than in the sciatic nerve at every time point but one. The peak concentrations of three cytokines, tumor necrosis factor &agr; (TNF &agr; ), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), appeared earlier and were statistically significantly higher in injured spinal cord than in injured sciatic nerve. We discuss the meaning of these data relative to the known differences in the reparative responses of the PNS and CNS to injury.




© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2000