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Simulated weightlessness alters the nycthemeral distribution of energy expenditure in rats

Stéphane Blanc¹, Alain Géloën², Sylvie Normand³, Claude Gharib^1,* and Laurence Somody¹

¹ Laboratoire de Physiologie de l’Environnement, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Grange-Blanche, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France,
² CNRS UMR 5578, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Nord, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France and
³ Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine de Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Laënnec, 8 Rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Theoretical division of the total energy expenditure (TEE) into its principal components: basal metabolic rate (BMR), diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) and the activity energy expenditure (AEE). The non-basal energy expenditure is commonly referred as the sum of DIT and AEE. Note, as represented, that AEE is the most variable part of the daily energy expenditure

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Body mass evolution of rats during the four experimental periods: isolation (Isol.), attachment (Att.), suspension (Susp.) and recovery (Rec.) Values are means ± S.E.M. (N=12).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Average 24 h EE and 12 h EE during day or night and MOMRs throughout the four experimental periods (N=12). Statistics are the results of the protected least-significance Fisher’s test following a significant repeated-measures analysis of variance: *P<0.05 versus isolation; P<0.05 versus day EE. Abbreviations as in Fig. 2.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Non-basal energy expenditure (EE) (diet-induced thermogenesis plus activity energy expenditure) during a nycthemere and during the day and night periods (N=12). Results of the protected least significance Fisher’s test following a significant repeated measures analysis of variance: *P<0.05 versus isolation (top); a significant (P<0.05) change in the day/night distribution of the non-basal EE (bottom). Abbreviations as in Fig. 2.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Daily EE throughout a nycthemere on day 7 of isolation, attachment, suspension and on day 3 of recovery (N=12).