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A molecular, morphometric and mechanical comparison of the structural elements of byssus from Mytilus edulis and Mytilus galloprovincialis

Jared M. Lucas^*, Eleonora Vaccaro and J. Herbert Waite

Marine Science Institute and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental, Biology Department, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA

View larger version (54K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Protein sequence alignment between Mytilus edulis (upper) and M. galloprovincialis (lower) precollagen D. Major domain structures are boxed and indicated. Single amino acid substitutions are indicated by bold italic type, and dashed lines indicate sequence deletions. Histidine residues that may form metal chelate cross-links are in bold type. Breaks or kinks in the collagen repeat structure are symbolized with a filled circle.

View larger version (58K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Protein sequence alignment between Mytilus edulis (upper) and M. galloprovincialis (lower) precollagen NG. Major domain structures are boxed and indicated. Single amino acid substitutions are indicated by bold italic type, and dashed lines indicate sequence deletions. Histidine residues that may form metal chelate cross-links are in bold type. Breaks or kinks in the collagen repeat structure are symbolized with a filled circle.

View larger version (51K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Protein sequence alignment between Mytilus edulis (upper) and M. galloprovincialis (lower) precollagen P. Major domain structures are boxed and indicated. Single amino acid substitutions are indicated by bold italic type, and dashed lines indicate sequence deletions. Histidine residues that may form metal chelate cross-links are in bold type. Breaks or kinks in the collagen repeat structure are symbolized with a filled circle.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Distribution of the amino acids glycine, hydroxyproline and proline in hydrolysed byssal threads from Mytilus edulis () and M. galloprovincialis (). Each point represents the mean of five hydrolysed samples taken at regular distances from the thread's attachment point to the stem. Values are means ±1 S.D. The 2 cm and 3 cm points represent the plaques from M. galloprovincialis and M. edulis, respectively.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Representative stress/strain curves for proximal, distal and whole threads of Mytilus edulis (Me) and M. galloprovincialis (Mg). Threads were pulled to breaking.