Magnetite-based magnetoreception in birds: the effect of a biasing field and a pulse on migratory behavior
Wolfgang Wiltschko1,*,
Ursula Munro2,
Roswitha Wiltschko1 and
Joseph L. Kirschvink3,4
1 Fachbereich Biologie und Informatik, Zoologie, J. W.
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Siesmayerstrasse 70, D 60054
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
2 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, PO
Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
3 Division of Geological and Planetary Science, The California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
4 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tokyo, Hongo
Campus, Tokyo, Japan

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Fig. 1. Orientation behavior of silvereyes during the control phase (A) after
exposure to the biasing field of 1 mT (B) and after treatment with a brief,
strong magnetic pulse in the presence of the same biasing field (C). Left: PAR
birds where the pulse was parallel to the biasing field; right: ANTI birds
where the pulse was antiparallel to the biasing field. In A, the arrows
represent mean vectors of up to six recordings per individual bird, drawn
proportionally to the radius of the circle; the symbols at the periphery mark
the mean headings. In B and C, symbols at the periphery represent headings of
individual tests (in C: outside=day 1; inside=day 2), and the arrows give the
axial vector of the respective data.
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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2002