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Physiological changes of sturgeon Acipenser naccarii caused by increasing environmental salinity

R. M. Martínez-Álvarez1,2, M. C. Hidalgo1, A. Domezain2, A. E. Morales1, M. García-Gallego1 and A. Sanz1,*

1 Dept Biología Animal y Ecología, Univ. de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2 Dept I+D, Piscifactoría `Sierra Nevada', 18313 Riofría, Granada, Spain



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  		Fig. 1. Plasma osmolality values of sturgeon Acipenser naccarii during acclimation to seawater (35{per thousand}) and after a period of 20 days at this salinity. Values are means ± S.E.M. Data values with different letters are significantly different (one-way analysis of variance, P<0.05, N=5 fish at each salinity).

 


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  		Fig. 2. Muscle hydration levels of sturgeon Acipenser naccarii during acclimation to seawater (35{per thousand}) and after a period of 20 days at this salinity. Values are means ± S.E.M. Data values with different letters are significantly different (one-way analysis of variance, P<0.05, N=5 fish at each salinity).

 


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  		Fig. 3. Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid-peroxidation levels in the plasma of sturgeon Acipenser naccarii during acclimation to seawater (35{per thousand}) and after a period of 20 days at this salinity. Values are means ± S.E.M. Data values with different letters are significantly different (one-way analysis of variance, P<0.05, N=5 fish at each salinity). Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, 1 unit (U) = 1 mmol min-1; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, 1 U = 50% inhibition of cytochrome c reduction min-1; lipid-peroxidation levels are expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (nmol MDA ml-1).

 


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  		Fig. 4. Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid-peroxidation levels in red blood cells of sturgeon Acipenser naccarii during acclimation to seawater (35 ppt) and after a period of 20 days at this salinity. Values are means ± S.E.M. Data values with different letters are significantly different (one-way analysis of variance, P<0.05, N=5 fish at each salinity). Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, 1 unit (U) = 1 mmol min-1; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, 1 U = 50% inhibition of cytochrome c reduction min-1; lipid-peroxidation levels are expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (nmol MDA ml-1).

 




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