QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s):
Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents

This Article Summary Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Weimerskirch, H. Articles by Rouanet, J. L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Weimerskirch, H. Articles by Rouanet, J. L.

Heart rate and energy expenditure of incubating wandering albatrosses: basal levels, natural variation, and the effects of human disturbance

Henri Weimerskirch^1,*, Scott A. Shaffer², Geraldine Mabille¹, Julien Martin¹, Olivier Boutard³ and Jean Louis Rouanet³

¹ Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France,
² Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA and
³ Laboratoire de Physiologie des Régulations Energétiques, Cellulaires et Moléculaires, CNRS, 43 Boulevard 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne cedex, France

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The functional relationship between heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (O2) of five wandering albatrosses resting in a metabolic chamber. Black symbols represent data for two females and white symbols represent data for three males. Similarly, dashed regression lines indicate relationships for females and solid lines indicate relationships for males. For regression equations, see Table 1.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Changes in heart rate (HR) over an incubation bout (32 h) of a female wandering albatross. The decrease during the first 3 h corresponds to the recovery period after handling, which was necessary in order to attach the HR logger onto the bird. Black boxes indicate periods of night time.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The relationship between basal heart rate (HR) and body mass of male and female wandering albatrosses (white symbols are males, y=8.122x–30.8, r2=0.441, P=0.007; and black symbols are females, y=8.75x–16.1, r2=0.236, P=0.090).

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Changes in relative heart rates (HR) throughout the day of incubating wandering albatrosses. Values are means ± 1 S.D. Black boxes indicate periods of night-time.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The change in relative heart rate (HR) as a function of wind-chill (<0°C) in incubating wandering albatrosses.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Changes in relative heart rates (HR) of male and female wandering albatrosses before, during, and after a band control. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between the two sexes (t-test, P<0.05).

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Changes in relative heart rate (HR) of male and female wandering albatrosses after being equipped with HR loggers. The asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference between the two sexes (t-test, P<0.05).