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Stimulation of JH biosynthesis by the corpora allata of adult female Aedes aegypti in vitro: effect of farnesoic acid and Aedes allatotropin

Yiping Li¹, Gopalan C. Unnithan², Jan A. Veenstra³, René Feyereisen⁴ and Fernando G. Noriega^1,*

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0088, USA
² Department of Entomology and Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, AZ 85721, Tucson, USA
³ Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie des Insectes, Université de Bordeaux I, Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
⁴ INRA, Centre de Recherches d'Antibes, 06606 Antibes Cedex, France

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Effect of farnesoic acid (FA) on biosynthesis of juvenile hormone (JH) and methyl farnesoate (MF). (A) Corpora allata (CA) complexes from 2-day-old sugar-fed females. (B) CA complexes from 4-day-old sugar-fed females. CA complexes were incubated in vitro with 10–160 µmol l–1 FA. Each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 5–25 independent determinations of individual CA complexes. The broken line represents the linear relationship between the FA added and the MF accumulation rate.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Dose–response effect of Aedes aegypti allatotropin (Aedes-AT) on biosynthesis of juvenile hormone (JH) and methyl farnesoate (MF). (A) Corpora allata (CA) complexes from 1-day-old sugar-fed females. (B) CA complexes from 3-day-old sugar-fed females. CA complexes were incubated in vitro with 10–12–10–6 mol l–1 Aedes-AT. Each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 5–15 independent determinations of individual CA complexes. Asterisks denote significant differences from control values (unpaired t-test; *P0.05; **P0.01). (C) Comparative analysis of the effect of Aedes-AT on 1- and 3-day-old sugar-fed females, expressed as percentage of JH increase over the controls. Each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. of three independent calculations. Some of the S.E.M. are too small to show on this scale.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Age-specific effect of Aedes aegypti allatotropin (Aedes-AT) on biosynthesis of (A) juvenile hormone (JH) and (B) methyl farnesoate (MF). Corpora allata (CA) complexes were incubated in vitro with 10–9 mol l–1 Aedes-AT. Each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 5–25 independent determinations of individual CA complexes. Asterisks denote significant differences from respective control values (unpaired t-test; *P0.05; **P0.01).

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Effects of Aedes aegypti allatotropin (Aedes-AT) and farnesoic acid (FA) on corpora allata (CA) activity of newly emerged females (0–1 h). CA complexes were incubated in vitro with 10–9 mol l–1 Aedes-AT or 40 µmol l–1 FA or a combination of both. (A) Juvenile hormone (JH) levels. (B) Methyl farnesoate (MF) levels. Each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 5–25 independent determinations of individual CA complex. Values labeled with different letters are significantly different by Tukey's test after analysis of variance (ANOVA) at P<0.05.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Age-specific effect of Aedes aegypti allatotropin (Aedes-AT), farnesoic acid (FA) and Aedes-AT plus FA on corpora allata (CA) activity of sugar-fed females. CA complexes were incubated in vitro with 10–9 mol l–1 Aedes-AT or 40 µmol l–1 FA or a combination of both (AT + FA). (A) Juvenile hormone (JH) levels. (B) Methyl farnesoate (MF) levels. Bars represent the means ± S.E.M. of 5–15 independent replicates of individual CA complexes.