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The effects of gape angle and bite point on bite force in bats

Elizabeth R. Dumont^1,* and Anthony Herrel²

¹ Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Morrill Science Center, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003-9297, USA
² Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerpen, Belgium

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Least-squares regression of size-adjusted bite force (residuals of maximum bite force against head length) against gape angle during bilateral canine biting (slope=–1.51, r2=0.49, P=0.017). The dotted lines represent 95% confidence intervals. Each point represents a species mean: 1Artibeus jamaicensis; 2Eidolon helvum; 3Pteropus vampyrus; 4Phyllostomus hastatus; 5Cynopterus brachyotis; 6Pteropus poliocephalus; 7Erophylla sezekorni; 8Carollia perspicillata; 9Monophyllus redmani; 10Glossophaga soricina; 11Rousettus aegyptiacus.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Absolute bite force (means ± S.D.) during bilateral canine biting at increasing gape angles in four species of bats. Species are arranged from left to right in order of increasing head length (Table 1). Gape angles are given below each bar.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The relationship between bite point and relative bite force (with respect to maximum bite force) within each of seven bat species. Bars represent species means. Species are arranged from left to right in order of increasing head length (Table 1). MR, Monophyllus redmani; ES, Erophylla sezekorni; PH, Phyllostomus hastatus; RA, Rousettus aegyptiacus; EH, Eidolon helvum; PP, Pteropus poliocephalus; PV, Pteropus vampyrus.