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First published online November 10, 2003

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Heterotrophy on ultraplankton communities is an important source of nitrogen for a sponge–rhodophyte symbiosis

Adele J. Pile^1,2,*, Adrienne Grant², Rosalind Hinde² and Michael A. Borowitzka³

¹ School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
² School of Biological Sciences (A08), University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
³ School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Relationship between Haliclona–Ceratodictyon association wet and dry mass.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Net growth rate of ultraplankton in the presence (Treatment, solid bars) and absence (Control, open bars) of the Haliclona–Ceratodictyon association. Values are means ± S.D. *Significant differences between treatments and controls and time of day (^), day (open circles) vs night (closed circles) (P<0.05). Significant seasonal differences (P<0.05) are present if treatments (winter vs summer) do not share an underline.