First published online April 23, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 1797-1802 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.00951
Preservation of reproductive behaviors during modest cooling: rapid cold-hardening fine-tunes organismal response
Scott M. Shreve1,
Jonathan D. Kelty2 and
Richard E. Lee, Jr1,*
1 Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
2 Department of Biology, 230A Brooks Hall, Central Michigan University, Mt
Pleasant, MI 48859, USA

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Fig. 1. Comparison of the reproductive activity of control versus rapidly
cold-hardened (RCH) D. melanogaster tested at 16°C. Immediately
prior to the mating trial, RCH pairs (N=20) were acclimated to
16°C for 2 h, while control pairs (N=22) were transferred from
23°C to 16°C immediately prior to the 1-h observation period.
Asterisks denote significant differences from control ( 2,
P<0.05).
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Fig. 2. Reciprocal test to determine whether rapid cold-hardening (RCH) at 16°C
reduced mating performance at the original rearing temperature of 23°C.
RCH pairs (N=19) were acclimated at 16°C for 2 h immediately
prior to a 1-h mating trial. Control pairs (N=20) were held
continuously at 23°C prior to the mating trial.
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Fig. 3. Comparison of metabolic rate of D. melanogaster, as measured by
CO2 production, for control flies at 23°C and 16°C, and
rapidly cold-hardened (RCH) flies at 16°C after a brief exposure ( 5
min) to 23°C. Error bars represent ± S.E.M. Bars with
different letters are significantly different (Bonferroni multiple comparisons
test, P<0.0001).
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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2004