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First published online September 15, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 3749-3756 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01209

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Synergic effects of tryptamine and octopamine on ophiuroid luminescence (Echinodermata)

C. Vanderlinden^* and J. Mallefet

Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bâtiment Kellner, Place Croix du Sud, 3, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Maximal light emissions (Lmax) of A. filiformis arm segments induced by tryptamine (10–4–10–11 mol l–1). Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 200 mmol l–1 KCl in normal artificial seawater. N=12 stimulated aliquot parts.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Maximal light emissions (Lmax) of O. californica arm segments induced by tryptamine (10–4–10–11 mol l–1). Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 200 mmol l–1 KCl in normal artificial seawater. N=8 stimulated aliquot parts.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Maximal light emissions (Lmax) of A. filiformis arm segments induced by octopamine (10-4 to 10–11 mol l–1). Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 200 mmol l–1 KCl in normal artificial seawater. N=8 stimulated aliquot parts.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Differences of maximal light emissions (Lmax) of A. filiformis arm segments after stimulation by tryptamine (10–4 mol l–1 and 10–5 mol l–1) in normal ASW and in Ca2+-free ASW. Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 10–4 mol l–1 and 105 mol l–1 tryptamine, respectively, in normal artificial seawater. **P<0.01; N=8 stimulated aliquot parts for each concentration.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Differences of maximal light emissions (Lmax) of O. californica arm segments after stimulation by tryptamine (10–7 mol l–1 and 10–8 mol l–1) in normal ASW and in Ca2+-free ASW. Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 10–7 mol l–1 and 10–8 mol l–1 tryptamine, respectively, in normal artificial seawater. **P<0.01; N=8 stimulated aliquot parts for each concentration.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Differences of maximal light emissions (Lmax) of A. filiformis arm segments after stimulation by octopamine (10–9 mol l–1 and 10–10 mol l–1) in normal ASW and in Ca2+-free ASW. Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 10–9 mol l–1 and 10–10 mol l–1 octopamine, respectively, in normal artificial seawater. **P<0.01; N=6 stimulated aliquot parts for each concentration.

View larger version (9K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Synergic effects of 10–7 mol l–1 tryptamine (Trypt) and other drugs such as acetylcholine (Ach, 10–3 mol l–1), dopamine (Dop, 10–4 mol l–1) and taurine (Taur, 10–3 mol l–1) on maximal light emission (Lmax) of O. californica. Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 200 mmol l–1 KCl in normal artificial seawater. **P<0.01 in comparison to 10–7 mol l–1 tryptamine on its own; N=8 stimulated aliquot parts per treatment.

View larger version (9K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Synergic effect of 10–9 mol l–1 octopamine (Octo) and 10–3 mol l–1 taurine on maximal light emission (Lmax) of A. filiformis. Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 200 mmol l–1 KCl in normal artificial seawater. **P<0.01 in comparison to 10–9 mol l–1 octopamine on its own; N=8 stimulated aliquot parts per treatment.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Synergic effects of 10–3 mol l–1 acetylcholine (ACh) with 10–9 mol l–1 octopamine (Octo), 10–5 mol l–1 tryptamine (Trypt) and with octopamine and tryptamine (Octo+Trypt) on maximal light emission (Lmax) of A. filiformis arm segments. Values (means ± S.E.M.) are expressed as a percentage of photogenesis triggered by 200 mmol l–1 KCl in normal artificial seawater. **P<0.05 in comparison to 10–3 mol l–1 acetylcholine on its own; N=8 stimulated aliquot parts per treatment.