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First published online June 15, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 2509-2514 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02300
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Green land and blue sea: a coloured landscape in the orientation of the sandhopper Talitrus saltator (Montagu) (Amphipoda, Talitridae)

Alberto Ugolini1,*, Silvia Somigli1 and Luca Mercatelli2

1 Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e Genetica, Università di Firenze, Via Romana 17, 50125 Firenze, Italy
2 Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Applicata, Firenze, Italy


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. (A) Transmittance diagrams of the gelatine filters used as the artificial landscape. (B) Sandhopper perceived radiance (SPR) expressed in arbitrary units for the blue (b), green (g), yellow (y), orange (o), light grey (lg) and medium grey (mg) gelatine filters. The filter pairs used in the experiments are also indicated. See text for further explanation of sandhopper perceived radiance.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Directional choice of sandhoppers in a range of coloured landscapes. (A,D,G) Controls with vision of the sun and sky only. (B,C) Black cardboard artificial landscape. (B) Black cardboard landward; (C) black cardboard seaward. (E,F) Yellow and orange artificial landscape. (E) Orange landward, yellow seaward; (F) orange seaward, yellow landward. (H,I) Blue and green artificial landscape. (H) Green landward, blue seaward; (I) green seaward, blue landward. White arrowhead, seaward direction for solar orientation; black arrowhead, seaward direction indicated by vision of the artificial landscape; dots, direction of movement of sandhoppers (one per dot); black arrow, mean vector and angle (the length of the mean vector ranges from 0 to 1 = radius of the circle); N, sample size; u, V-test value with the probability level of at least P<0.05.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Directional response of sandhoppers to variation in blue-green landscapes. (A,D,G) Controls with vision of the sun and sky only. (B,C) Medium and light grey artificial landscape. (B) Medium grey landward, light grey seaward; (C) reversed disposition. (E,F) Blue and medium grey artificial landscape. (E) Blue seaward, grey landward; (F) reversed disposition. (H,I) Light grey and green artificial landscape. (H) Green landward, grey seaward; (I) reversed disposition. For further explanation, see Fig. 2.

 




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