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First published online December 14, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 97-106 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02615

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Phenotypic flexibility in the basal metabolic rate of laughing doves: responses to short-term thermal acclimation

Andrew E. McKechnie^1,2,*, Kinesh Chetty² and Barry G. Lovegrove³

¹ DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
² School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
³ School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa

View larger version (11K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Summary of experimental design used to acclimate laughing doves Streptopelia senegalensis to various acclimation air temperatures (Tacc).

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Basal metabolic rate in laughing doves Streptopelia senegalensis was not related to body mass during initial, acclimation I or acclimation II measurements. A linear regression model yielded a significant fit in only one case [initial measurements, acclimation air temperature (Tacc)=10°C; BMR=0.0099Mb-0.1348; r2=0.515]. Note that, for each Tacc, data for initial (A) and acclimation I measurements (B) were obtained from the same individuals, but from different individuals during acclimation II measurements (C).

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) in laughing doves Streptopelia senegalensis decreased following initial measurements. Following acclimation I and II, BMR varied with acclimation air temperature (Tacc). In each case, BMR was negatively related to Tacc. Significant differences are denoted by different lower-case letters: values that are not significantly different from each other share a letter. N=10 individuals for each datum point. Note that, for each Tacc, data for initial and acclimation I measurements were obtained from the same individuals, but acclimation II measurements represent different individuals.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Following acclimation I (A; BMR=0.714-0.005Tacc, r2=0.325, F1,28=13.527, P=0.001) and acclimation II (B; BMR=0.698-0.004Tacc, r2=0.247, F1,28=9.208, P=0.005), basal metabolic rate (BMR) in laughing doves Streptopelia senegalensis was linearly related to acclimation air temperature (Tacc).

View larger version (7K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Acclimation II resulted in adjustments in basal metabolic rate (BMR, W) in laughing doves Streptopelia senegalensis that were negatively related to the change in acclimation air temperature (Tacc). The relationship between the change in BMR (BMR) within individuals and the change in Tacc (Tacc) was best described by a cubic regression model BMR=-3.5634-0.4394Tacc+0.0148(T acc)2-0.0004(Tacc)3 (r2=0.493, F3,26=8.414, P<0.001), where BMR is the change in BMR expressed as a percentage of acclimation I BMR and Tacc is the change in Tacc between acclimation I and II.