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First published online October 5, 2007
Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 3607-3615 (2007)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2007
doi: 10.1242/jeb.009837
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The sensory basis of roost finding in a forest bat, Nyctalus noctula

Ireneusz Ruczynski1,*, Elisabeth K. V. Kalko2,3 and Björn M. Siemers4

1 Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Waszkiewicza 1, 17-230 Bialowieza, Poland
2 Experimental Ecology (Bio III), University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
3 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
4 Sensory Ecology Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the flight room setup.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Search time. Bars represent means ± s.e.m. of individual medians (N=11 bats). Tasks are abbreviated as follows: E, echolocation; VE, vision + echolocation; TE, temperature + echolocation; AE, acoustic cues + echolocation; OE, olfaction + echolocation. Significant results from post-hoc comparisons of bats' performance in the echolocation task (grey bar) with all the other four tasks are indicated (paired t-tests, Bonferroni corrected P-values: *P<0.05). For further statistics, see text.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Proportion of trials in which the bats detected the cavity entrance while in flight. Bars represent means ± s.e.m. of individual medians (N=11 bats). Tasks are abbreviated as follows: E, echolocation; VE, vision + echolocation; TE, temperature + echolocation; AE, acoustic cues + echolocation; OE, olfaction + echolocation. Significant results from post-hoc comparisons of bats' performance in the echolocation task (grey bar) with all the other four tasks are indicated (paired t-tests, Bonferroni corrected P-values: *P<0.05). For further statistics, see text.

 

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  		Fig. 4. Crawling time. Data are only from trials in which we scored the detection to have occurred `from crawling'. Bars represent means ± s.e.m. of individual medians (N=11 bats). Tasks are abbreviated as follows: E, echolocation; VE, vision + echolocation; TE, temperature + echolocation; AE, acoustic cues + echolocation; OE, olfaction + echolocation. Significant results from post-hoc comparisons of bats' performance in the echolocation task (grey bar) compared with the other four tasks are indicated in the graph [paired t-tests, Bonferroni corrected P-values: (*), significance lost when Bonferroni correction was applied; uncorrected P<0.05]. For further statistics, see text.

 




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