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First published online February 29, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 883-889 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.014068

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`Blood-doping' effects on hematocrit regulation and oxygen consumption in late-stage chicken embryos (Gallus gallus)

Sheva Khorrami, Hiroshi Tazawa and Warren Burggren^*

Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, PO Box 305189, Denton, TX 76203, USA

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Frequency distribution and mean values (±1 s.e.m.) of hematocrit (Hct) at various stages. Dashed line represents median Hct for each stage.

View larger version (9K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Hct changes in response to graded Ringer solution addition or blood removal in day 15 embryos. (A) Effect of whole blood removal on Hct. Asterisks indicate values significantly different from control Hct. (B) Effect of repeated Ringer solution injection on Hct in day 15 embryos. Despite acute blood volume increases by up to 115%, Hct did not change significantly from control. Mean values ± 1 s.e.m.

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Time course of the effect of injection of erythrocyte-enriched blood on Hct and O2 in chicken embryos. Injection occurred 5 min after measurement of pre-injection values. (A) Increases in Hct following injection of 400 µl of erythrocyte-enriched blood. Asterisks indicate values significantly different from control Hct at each day of development. (B) Effects of Hct elevation on O2. No post-injection measurements differed significantly from control at any developmental stage. Mean values ± 1 s.e.m.

View larger version (6K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Changes in Hct as a function of development in late-stage (day 15–17) chicken embryos. Data from seven studies, including the present one, are presented. 1 (Romanoff, 1967); 2 (Tazawa et al., 1971); 3 (Tazawa, 1971); 4 (Tazawa, 1972); 5 (Tazawa, 1980); 6 (Dziawolski et al., 2002); 7 present study.